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World Literature (world + literature)
Selected AbstractsAxillary Basal Cell CarcinomaDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 11 2003Benjamin W. LeSueur MD Background. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) rarely occurs in the axilla. Only 18 cases have been reported in the world literature. Objectives. To report our institution's 11-year experience with axillary BCC. Methods. A review of patient charts and biopsy specimens is given. Results. We report 14 patients with 15 axillary BCCs. The average patient age was 65.6. The average lesion size was 10.8 mm. Nine patients had a personal history of skin cancer at sun-exposed sites. One patient had basal cell nevus syndrome. A history of ionizing radiation and severe sunburn involving the axilla was each seen in separate patients. No other predisposing factors for developing BCC were identified, such as immune suppression or a history of other malignancies. Histologic subtypes of all tumors were considered less aggressive, and only one tumor recurred. Conclusions. Axillary BCC is rare. Factors other than ultraviolet radiation likely contribute to the development of BCC, especially at sun-protected sites. Performing a periodic and complete cutaneous examination that includes sun-protected sites is important, especially in patients who have a history of skin cancer. [source] The Use of Contrast Echocardiography in the Diagnosis of an Unusual Cause of Congestive Heart Failure: AchalasiaECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 2 2004George Stoupakis M.D. Extrinsic compression of the left atrium is a potentially life-threatening but unusual cause of congestive heart failure. Achalasia is a motility disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and dilation of the distal two-thirds of the esophagus. We report only the third known case in the world literature of massive left atrial compression by a dilated esophagus in a patient with achalasia. The use of contrast echocardiography with perflutren protein-type A microspheres allowed for differentiation between a compressive vascular structure and the esophagus. This resulted in prompt treatment leading to hemodynamic stability after nasogastric decompression and Botulinum toxin injection at the gastroesophageal junction. (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Volume 21, February 2004) [source] Disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy following low-dose oral methotrexateEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 3 2007S. Raghavendra Leukoencephalopathy is a recognized complication with intrathecal or intravenous methotrexate (MTX). We report a 59-year-old lady who developed MTX leukoencephalopathy with long-term low-dose oral MTX. She developed posterior leukoencephalopathy (PLE) that initially was reversible on discontinuation of oral MTX. Four months later, she developed disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy (DNL), and was left with devastating neurological deficits. The sequential conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), MR perfusion (MRP) and MR spectroscopic (MRS) changes are highlighted in this report. MRP and MRS showed more wide spread abnormalities than DWI. Stereotactic biopsy from the lesion revealed demyelination with macrophagic infiltration, pericapillary lymphomononucear aggregation, fibrinoid changes in the capillaries and neovascularization. Of the two cases of PLE with oral MTX reported in literature, one reversed clinically and radiologically with the discontinuation of MTX. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of DNL following oral MTX in the world literature. [source] The biology and management of wireworms (Agriotes spp.) on potato with particular reference to the U.K.AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 2 2001William E. Parker Summary 1 This paper reviews and interprets relevant work on the biology and management of wireworms (Agriotes spp.) within the context of potato production in Europe, with particular reference to the U.K. Although the review concentrates on Agriotes spp., the extensive world literature on other Elateridae of economic importance is also drawn upon. 2 Possible reasons for the apparent increase in the importance of wireworms on the potato crop are discussed, followed by a review of wireworm biology, risk assessment techniques (soil sampling, bait trapping and adult pheromone trapping), crop damage, and cultural, biological and chemical control methods. 3 It is clear that the process of site risk assessment followed by appropriate control measures (usually insecticide use) will remain the mainstay of wireworm management programmes. However, there is considerable scope for adopting new risk assessment techniques, such as pheromone trapping of adult beetles. 4 These control measures will need to be underpinned by a greater understanding of wireworm biology, particularly adult dispersal. Factors affecting the initiation and maintenance of wireworm populations in individual fields also require further study. The current use of insecticides could also be optimized by a better appreciation of the interactions between insecticide use, potato variety choice and harvest dates. [source] Oral submucous fibrosis: study of 1000 cases from central IndiaJOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE, Issue 1 2007V. K. Hazarey Background:, Very few reports have been published on the gender specificity of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) in relation to habit patterns and the severity of disease in the world literature. The purpose of the study was to ascertain the gender specificity for different habits and severity of OSF. Methods:, A hospital-based cross-sectional study on various habit patterns associated with OSF was performed in Nagpur over a 5-year period. A total of 1000 OSF cases from 266 418 out patients comprised the study sample. Results:, The male-to-female ratio of OSF was 4.9:1. Occurrence of OSF was at a significant younger age group (<30 years) among men when compared with women (OR = 4.62, 3.22,6.63, P = 0.0001). Reduced mouth opening, altered salivation and altered taste sensation were found to be significantly more prevalent in women when compared with men. Exclusive areca nut chewing habit was significantly more prevalent in women (OR = 44.5, 25.4,79.8, P = 0.0001). Whereas significant increase for Gutkha (Areca quid with tobacco) (OR = 2.33, 1.56,3.54, P = 0.0001) and kharra/Mawa (crude combination of areca nut and tobacco) (OR = 6.8, 4.36,11.06, P = 0.0001) chewing was found in men when compared with women. Conclusions:, There is a marked difference in literacy, socioeconomic status, areca nut chewing habits, symptoms and disease severity in women when compared with men in the central Indian population. [source] The Travels of Naturalism and the Challenges of a World Literary HistoryLITERATURE COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 6 2009Christopher L. Hill The history of the naturalist novel reveals shortcomings of recent proposals for the study of world literature, such as those of Franco Moretti and Pascale Casanova. After a naturalist esthetic coalesced in France in the 1860s naturalist schools appeared around the world. Contrary to what models of diffusion predict, naturalism flourished in distant parts of the world at the same time as its triumph in Europe, while writers nearer France rejected it. The examples of naturalism in Argentina, Brazil, Japan, China, and Korea, reveal multiple, overlapping histories that make up the heterogeneous planetary history of the form. Naturalism's movement was aided by its association with non-fictional genres such as criminology, and flourished where other forms of realistic fiction were not well established. Even when naturalism bore the standard for realism, however, it formed unexpected alliances with other esthetics and shifted its associations with non-fictional genres. Rather than focusing on the origination and reception of forms such as the naturalist novel, studies of world literature should focus on the conditions of travel through which such unexpected transformations occur. [source] Papillomatosis of intra- and extrahepatic biliary tree: Successful treatment with liver transplantationLIVER TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 7 2007George Imvrios Approximately 60 cases of biliary papillomatosis have been reported in the world literature, while only 6 cases have been reported to be treated with liver transplantation. This rare disease, which is characterized by relapsing episodes of obstructive jaundice and cholangitis that lead to secondary cirrhosis and death from sepsis or liver failure, it is also considered premalignant because of its frequent malignant transformation (25,50%). We present a case of a 43-year-old white man with papillomatosis of intra- and extrahepatic biliary tree who sought care for repeated episodes of obstructive jaundice and cholangitis. The diagnosis was suspected after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and confirmed by liver and common bile duct biopsies. The patient underwent orthotopic liver transplantation with Roux-en-Y hepatico-jejunostomy to treat end-stage liver cirrhosis. Fifteen months' follow-up revealed a patient with normal graft function and with no clinically or laboratory findings of disease recurrence or cancer development. Liver Transpl 13:1045,1048, 2007. © 2007 AASLD. [source] Presentation and management of major complications of midurethral slings: Are complications under-reported?,NEUROUROLOGY AND URODYNAMICS, Issue 1 2007Donna Y. Deng Abstract Aims Midurethral slings have become the mainstay of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) treatment due to their efficacy and low complication rates. The purpose of this study was to report the presentation and treatment of major complications from these minimally invasive treatments presented to a tertiary referral practice and to highlight a discrepancy in major complications between literature and the food and drug administration (FDA) device failure database. Methods From 2001 through 2005, we reviewed all cases of midurethral sling complications that presented to our institution. A literature review of all complications due to midurethral slings during the same time period was performed as was the FDA manufacturer and user facility device experience (MAUDE) database queried for self-reported complications. Results A total of 26 patients referred to UCLA with voiding dysfunction after sling placement was found to have mesh in the urethra or bladder. Treatments required a combination of urethrolysis with mesh removal, urethral reconstruction with graft, and bladder excision. These were compared to major complications reported in the world literature of <1%. The MAUDE database contained 161 major complications out of a total of 928 complications reported for suburethral slings. There was significantly more major complications reported in MAUDE than in published literature. Conclusions Although rare, major complications of midurethral slings are more common than appear in literature. Devastating complications involving urethral and bladder perforations can present with mild urinary symptoms and thus are likely under-diagnosed and under-reported. Most of these cases need to be managed with additional reconstructive surgery. Neurourol. Urodynam. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Complication of mediastinal mass: Acquired tracheoesophageal fistula associated with T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomaPEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 7 2006John S. Moree MD Abstract The occurrence of a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) in the setting of lymphoma has only rarely been reported in the world literature. Most cases reported were associated with radiation therapy vs. chemotherapy alone. This report presents one case illustrating the difficulty encountered managing a TEF that developed while undergoing chemotherapy for T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2006; 41: 688,689. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Gorham-Stout disease of the temporal bone,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 3 2010Sarah Mowry MD Abstract Gorham-Stout (GS) disease is a rare disease of the bone and is also known as massive osteolysis. Less than 200 cases have been reported in the world literature. A 29-year-old female with a diagnosis of GS disease was identified. She complained of aural fullness and tinnitus bilaterally. Demineralization and moth-eaten changes of the osseous structures of the skull base and posterior fossa were prominent. The left mastoid air cells were opacified and erosion extended to the left jugular foramen, left hypoglossal canal, left stylomastoid process, and left eustachian tube. The radiographic findings and brief literature review are presented. Laryngoscope, 2010 [source] Differential Classification of Acute Myocardial Infarction into ST- and Non-ST Segment Elevation Is Not Valid or RationalANNALS OF NONINVASIVE ELECTROCARDIOLOGY, Issue 3 2010Brendan Phibbs M.D., F.A.C.C. Background: The distinction between ST elevation and nonST elevation infarcts is widely accepted and is employed as a guide to management. Aim: This is review of the world literature to assess the basis for this distinction, since the two studies on which it is based are seriously flawed in method and conclusions. Method: Pathologic and clinical studies were reviewed from the world literature. Finding: The pathology of the two subsets is identical as are the morbidity, mortality and clinical course. Non-ST elevation infarcts are likely to be subsequent, to occur in older patients and to involve the circumflex artery: this subset therefore includes a high-risk group. ST deviation in any part of the electric field of the heart will predictably be accompanied by reciprocal deviation if the entire field of the heart is mapped. Further, ST deviation of infarction is often transient, resolving in minutes so that infarcts will be predictably misclassified. ST deviation per se is therefore not a rational basis for classification of infarcts. In fact, invasive therapy is indicated in both subsets with identical results. Conclusion: The distinction between ST elevation and non-ST elevation infarcts is baseless. The high risk subgroup included in the non-ST elevation infarct set should not be denied the benefit of early invasive therapy. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2010;15(3):191,199 [source] Skin grafts: a rural general surgical perspective,ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 5 2009Nigel J. Henderson Abstract Background:, Skin grafts are a common method of closing skin defects. The literature comparing methods of graft application and subsequent outcomes is poor, but reports indicate a graft failure rate between 2 and 30%. The aim of this study was to audit our current skin graft practice. Methods:, Data were collected prospectively on all skin grafts performed by the general surgical department between 1st December 2005 and 1st December 2006. A standardized proforma on each patient included data on age, gender, graft indication, application method, comorbidities, length of stay, and graft outcomes including graft take at 1, 2 and 6 weeks post-operatively. Results:, There were 85 grafts performed on 74 patients, median age 72 years (9,102 years), with 10 (12%) acute admissions. Prophylactic antibiotics were given to 50% (38 of 74) of patients. Successful grafts (>80% take) were performed in 68 (80%) patients. The overall graft complication rate was 24.7% (22 of 85 grafts). Infection occurred in 13 of 17 graft failures. No patients underwent re-operation for graft failure. Patients who received prophylactic antibiotics had a reduced risk of graft failure (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.016). Conclusion:, Skin grafts were performed successfully in the majority of patients. Graft complication and failure rates compare well with the world literature. The use of prophylactic antibiotics was the only predictor of successful graft take. [source] Anatomical variations of the extrahepatic biliary tree: Review of the world literatureCLINICAL ANATOMY, Issue 3 2001M. Lamah Abstract The anatomy facing a surgeon during cholecystectomy involves complex relationships between the hepatic artery, extrahepatic biliary tree, and gallbladder. A sound knowledge of the normal anatomy of the extrahepatic biliary tract is thus essential in the prevention of operative injury to it. Equally important, however, is an understanding of congenital variation of biliary and vascular anatomy, as the literature abounds with reports of specific anatomical variations, and their operative implications. This article reviews the world literature on congenital variation of extrahepatic biliary anatomy. Clin. Anat. 14:167,172, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Factors in the Pathogenesis of Tumors of the Sphenoid and Maxillary Sinuses: A Comparative Study,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue S96 2000Anthony J. Reino MD Abstract Objectives/Hypothesis To explain the processes that lead to the development of tumors in the maxillary and sphenoid sinuses. Study Design A 32-year review of the world's literature on neoplasms of these two sinuses and a randomized case-controlled study comparing the normal mucosal architecture of the maxillary to the sphenoid sinus. Methods Analysis of a 32-year world literature review reporting series of cases of maxillary and sphenoid sinus tumors. Tumors were classified by histological type and separated into subgroups if an individual incidence rate was reported. Histomorphometry of normal maxillary and sphenoid sinus mucosa was performed in 14 randomly selected patients (10 sphenoid and 4 maxillary specimens). Specimens were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, and stained with periodic acid,Schiff (PAS) and hematoxylin. Histomorphometric analysis was performed with a Zeiss Axioscope light microscope (Carl Zeiss Inc., Thornwood, NY) mounted with a Hamamatsu (Hamamatsu Photonics, Tokyo, Japan) color-chilled 3 charge coupled device digital camera. The images were captured on a 17-inch Sony (Sony Corp., Tokyo, Japan) multiscan monitor and analyzed with a Samba 4000 Image Analysis Program (Samba Corp., Los Angeles, CA). Five random areas were selected from strips of epithelium removed from each sinus, and goblet and basal cell measurements were made at magnifications ×100 and ×400. Results The literature review revealed that the number and variety of tumors in the maxillary sinus are much greater than those in the sphenoid. The incidence of metastatic lesions to each sinus is approximately equal. No recognized pattern of spread from any particular organ system could be determined. On histomorphometric study there were no statistically significant differences between the sinuses in the concentration of goblet cells, basal cells, or seromucinous glands. Conclusions Factors involved in the pathogenesis of tumors of the maxillary and sphenoid sinuses include differences in nasal physiology, embryology, morphology, and topography. There are no significant histological differences in the epithelium and submucous glands between the two sinuses to explain the dissimilar formation of neoplasms. [source] | ||||||||||