Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Voluminous Literature (voluminous + literature)
Selected AbstractsCo-evolutionary Dynamics Within and Between Firms: From Evolution to Co-evolutionJOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, Issue 8 2003Henk W. Volberda abstract The extensive selection,adaptation literature spans diverse theoretical perspectives, but is inconclusive on the role of managerial intentionality in organizational adaptation. Indeed this voluminous literature has more to say about selection and sources and causes of structural inertia than about self-renewing organizations that might counteract such inertia. In this introductory essay, we identify four co-evolutionary generative mechanisms (engines) , naïve selection, managed selection, hierarchical renewal and holistic renewal , which illustrate the extensive range of evolutionary paths that can take place in a population of organizations. In particular, the managed selection engine provides the foundations of the underlying principles of co-evolving self-renewing organizations: managing internal rates of change, optimizing self-organization, and balancing concurrent exploration and exploitation. However, it is altogether clear that empirical co-evolution research represents the next frontier for empirically resolving the adaptation selection debate. The essay concludes with a discussion of requirements for co-evolutionary empirical research and introduces the empirical papers in this Special Research Symposium. [source] Population stress and the Swedish sex ratioPAEDIATRIC & PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 6 2005Ralph Catalano Summary Well-developed theory implies that the human secondary sex ratio moves inversely over time with the level of anxiety and depression in the population. Few tests of this hypothesis, however, appear in the voluminous literature concerned with the sex ratio. These tests, moreover, employ designs that allow only weak inference. We contribute to the literature by applying time-series methods to Swedish data for the 276 months beginning January 1974 to detect a relationship between the sex ratio and defined daily doses of antidepressants and anxiolytics dispensed to women. Consistent with theory, we find the drug variable inversely related to the sex ratio. We argue that the discovered association cannot be attributed to shared trends, cycles, or other forms of autocorrelation in the data, or to the problem of endogeneity that necessarily plagues studies based on samples of individual women and births. Implications include that surveillance systems might monitor dispensing of anxiolytics and antidepressants as a marker for population stress thought to be a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm delivery. [source] HUMAN NATURE AND ENHANCEMENTBIOETHICS, Issue 3 2009ALLEN BUCHANAN ABSTRACT Appeals to the idea of human nature are frequent in the voluminous literature on the ethics of enhancing human beings through biotechnology. Two chief concerns about the impact of enhancements on human nature have been voiced. The first is that enhancement may alter or destroy human nature. The second is that if enhancement alters or destroys human nature, this will undercut our ability to ascertain the good because, for us, the good is determined by our nature. The first concern assumes that altering or destroying human nature is in itself a bad thing. The second concern assumes that human nature provides a standard without which we cannot make coherent, defensible judgments about what is good. I will argue (1) that there is nothing wrong, per se, with altering or destroying human nature, because, on a plausible understanding of what human nature is, it contains bad as well as good characteristics and there is no reason to believe that eliminating some of the bad would so imperil the good as to make the elimination of the bad impermissible, and (2) that altering or destroying human nature need not result in the loss of our ability to make judgments about the good, because we possess a conception of the good by which we can and do evaluate human nature. I will argue that appeals to human nature tend to obscure rather than illuminate the debate over the ethics of enhancement and can be eliminated in favor of more cogent considerations. [source] Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of the Brain: Pitfalls in Evaluating Infected/Affected Cell PopulationsBRAIN PATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2004Stephanie J. Bissel Monocyte/macrophages and CD4 T-cells are the primary hematopoietic targets of productive HIV infection. In the brain, potential cellular targets for HIV infection include perivascular and parenchymal macrophages/microglia, oligodendrocytes, endothelia, neurons, and astrocytes. We examine evidence of productive and non-productive infection for each cell type in the brains of HIV-infected patients with and without HIV encephalitis. Despite the voluminous literature and substantial experimental effort over the past two decades, evidence for productive infection of any brain cell other than macrophages is left wanting. [source] | ||||||||||