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Medical Birth Registry (medical + birth_registry)
Selected AbstractsRisk factors for testicular cancer , differences between pure non-seminoma and mixed seminoma/non-seminoma?INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY, Issue 4 2006E. L. Aschim Summary The origin of testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) is believed to be carcinoma in situ cells developed in utero. Clinically, TGCCs are divided into two major histological groups, seminomas and non-seminomas, where the latter group includes non-seminomatous TGCCs with seminomatous components (mixed S/NS TGCC). Recent studies, however, have suggested that non-seminomas and mixed S/NS TGCCs could have certain differences in aetiology, and in this study the TGCCs were divided into three, rather than the conventional two histological groups. A large case-control study was undertaken on data on all live-born boys registered in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway during the period 1967,1998 (n = 961 396). Among these were 1087 TGCC cases registered in the Cancer Registry of Norway until February 2004. We found several risk factors for TGCC, including low parity, low gestational age, epilepsy and retained placenta. Several of the variables studied seemed to be risk factors for specific histological groups, e.g. parity 0 vs. 2 and low gestational age being associated with increased risk of non-seminomas, but not of mixed S/NS TGCC, and low maternal age being associated with increased risk of mixed S/NS TGCC, but not of non-seminomatous TGCC. Therefore, our results might suggest that non-seminomas and mixed S/NS TGCCs have partially different risk factors, whose associations may be obscured by combining these two histological groups. The histological groups were not significantly different, however. Most of our findings on risk factors for TGCC are in agreement with at least some previous studies. An unexplainable exception is low birth weight being associated with reduced risk of TGCC in our study. [source] Mothers' and fathers' birth characteristics and perinatal mortality in their offspring: a population-based cohort studyPAEDIATRIC & PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 3 2010Tone I. Nordtveit Summary Nordtveit TI, Melve KK, Skjaerven R. Mothers' and fathers' birth characteristics and perinatal mortality in their offspring: a population-based cohort study. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2010; 24: 282,292. There is increasing interest in the associations between parental birthweight and gestational age with their perinatal outcomes. We investigated perinatal mortality risk in offspring in relation to maternal and paternal gestational age and birthweight. We used population-based generational data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, 1967,2006. Singletons in both generations were included, forming 520 794 mother,offspring and 376 924 father,offspring units. Perinatal mortality in offspring was not significantly associated with paternal gestational age or birthweight, whereas it was inversely associated with maternal gestational age. A threefold increased risk in perinatal mortality was found among offspring of mothers born at 28,30 weeks of gestation relative to offspring of mothers born at term (37,43 weeks) (relative risk: 2.9, 95% CI 1.9, 4.6). There was also an overall association between maternal birthweight and offspring perinatal mortality. Relative risk for mothers whose birthweight was <2000 g was 1.5 (95% CI 1.1, 1.9), relative to mothers whose birthweight was 3500,3999 g. However, confined to mothers born at ,34 weeks of gestation, the birthweight association was not significant. Weight-specific perinatal mortality in offspring was dependent on the birthweight of the mother and the father, that is, offspring who were small relative to their mother's or father's birthweight had increased perinatal mortality. In conclusion, a mother's gestational age, and not her birthweight, was significantly associated with perinatal mortality in the offspring, while there was no such association for the father. [source] Maternal smoking during pregnancy: a comparison between concurrent and retrospective self-reportsPAEDIATRIC & PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 2 2008Ann Post Summary Retrospective reports of smoking in pregnancy are of importance for clinical or scientific purposes. Careful analyses of stability and accuracy of recalled behaviour are, therefore, needed. In 1998, the mothers of 2369 pre-teens born in Sweden retrospectively reported their smoking behaviour during the first trimester of the index pregnancy. We matched these reports with those recorded by midwives at the beginning of the index pregnancy, using information from the Swedish Medical Birth Registry. Using this registry as gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of the retrospective reports containing any smoking were 83.9% and 92.8% respectively, but the sensitivity was low for daily smoking, 56.0%. Of the 222 discordant reports, 19.0% were due to mothers recalling daily smoking which was not reported at the time of pregnancy, and 42% were due to failure to recall smoking reported at the time of pregnancy, while the remaining 39% retrospectively reported occasional smoking, whereas they were registered as non-daily smokers when pregnant. Retrospective recall of pregnancy smoking is fairly stable over time. [source] Secular trends in socio-economic status and the implications for preterm birthPAEDIATRIC & PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 3 2006John M. D. Thompson Summary The rate of preterm birth in the developed world has been shown to be increasing, in part attributable to obstetric intervention. It has been suggested that this may be a differential increase between socio-economic groups. We aimed to assess whether the preterm rate in Norway is different in socio-economic groups defined by maternal education, and to determine the extent to which a difference is attributable to a socio-economic differential in obstetrical intervention, in terms of caesarean section or induction of labour. We used data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway from 1980 to 1998 with preterm rate as the outcome and maternal educational level, marital status and obstetric intervention as exposure variables. In multivariable analyses, adjustment was made for maternal age, year of birth and birth order, and secular trends were assessed according to year of birth. The preterm birth rate was highest in the lowest socio-economic group. An increase of 25.2% in the preterm rate was seen over the observation period. No apparent differential was seen in the increase of the crude preterm rates between socio-economic groups, although in multivariable analyses there was a significant interaction between socio-economic group and time, implying a stronger effect of low education towards the end of the observation period attributable to demographic change. In conclusion, the preterm birth rate increased over time, but was mainly due to an increase in obstetric interventions. No closing of the gap between socio-economic groups was observed. [source] The reproductive health of daughters of pregestational diabetic women: Medical Birth Registry of NorwayPAEDIATRIC & PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 4 2002Grace M. Egeland Summary Maternal diabetes may have an impact upon a daughter's reproductive health through genetic influences, an altered fetal metabolic environment or both. We examined the reproductive health of daughters of diabetic women using linked generation data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Among all female births between 1967 and 1982 (n = 459 182), 739 had a mother with registered pregestational diabetes, a rate of 1.6 per 1000 deliveries. A total of 142 904 daughters delivered at least one child by 1998. After taking into account differences in survival, we observed no differences in the percentage of childbearing and in the average number of children born by 1998 between daughters with and without a diabetic mother in age-stratified analyses. In analyses limited to singleton deliveries and stratified by mothers' and daughters' diabetic status, we found a threefold excess stillbirth delivery rate among women who had either a mother with pregestational diabetes (2.6%) or pregestational diabetes themselves (2.6%) compared with the stillbirth delivery rate observed in non-diabetic women with no maternal history of diabetes (0.8%). These findings were unaltered in multivariable analyses adjusting for daughters' maternal age and registered obstetric risk factors. Our results indicate that pregestational diabetes remains a health care challenge in Norway and that further evaluation of the reproductive health of daughters of diabetic pregnancies is warranted. [source] Atopy among schoolchildren in northern and southern Sweden in relation to pet ownership and early life eventsPEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 1 2001L. Bråbäck Studies have suggested a higher prevalence of asthma and allergies in northern, as compared to southern, Scandinavia. The aim of this study was to evaluate regional differences in atopy in relation to pet ownership and certain early life events among schoolchildren (n = 2108) aged 10,11 years from Linköping in southern Sweden and Östersund in northern Sweden. The parents completed a questionnaire, comprising questions on home environment, heredity, socio-economic conditions, and the core questions on symptoms from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. The children were skin-prick tested to eight common inhalant allergens. Information on maternal smoking habits, gestational age, and anthropometric measures were obtained from the Swedish Medical Birth Registry. The prevalence of atopic symptoms and sensitization to pollen were similar in Östersund and in Linköping. A higher prevalence of sensitization to animal dander among children in Östersund could be linked to a higher occurrence of pets in the community. Current cat ownership was related to less sensitivity to cat allergen but only in children with an atopic heredity. Ponderal index > 30 kg/m3 was related to an increased risk of atopic sensitization, both in Linköping (adjusted odds ratio 2.1; 95% confidence interval 1.1,4.0) and in Östersund (adjusted odds ratio 2.0; 95% confidence interval 1.1,3.5). Maternal smoking during pregnancy was related to an increased risk of atopic sensitization among children in Linköping, whereas current smoking was associated with a decreased risk of sensitization in Östersund. In conclusion, we demonstrated that a high occurrence of pets in the community was associated with sensitization, whereas atopic symptoms were essentially unaffected. This study has also suggested an association between body size at birth and atopic sensitization at 10,11 years of age. [source] Pregnancy and Birth After Kidney Donation: The Norwegian ExperienceAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 4 2009A. V. Reisæter Reports on pregnancies in kidney donors are scarce. The aim was to assess pregnancy outcomes for previous donors nationwide. The Medical Birth Registry of Norway holds records of births since 1967. Linkage with the Norwegian Renal Registry provided data on pregnancies of kidney donors 1967,2002. A random sample from the Medical Birth Registry was control group, as was pregnancies in kidney donors prior to donation. Differences between groups were assessed by two-sided Fisher's exact tests and with generalized linear mixed models (GLMM). We identified 326 donors with 726 pregnancies, 106 after donation. In unadjusted analysis (Fisher) no differences were observed in the occurrence of preeclampsia (p = 0.22). In the adjusted analysis (GLMM) it was more common in pregnancies after donation, 6/106 (5.7%), than in pregnancies before donation 16/620 (2.6%) (p = 0.026). The occurrence of stillbirths after donation was 3/106 (2.8%), before donation 7/620 (1.1%), in controls (1.1%) (p = 0.17). No differences were observed in the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcome in kidney donors and in the general population in unadjusted analysis. Our finding of more frequent preeclampsia in pregnancies after kidney donation in the secondary analysis must be interpreted with caution, as the number of events was low. [source] Influence of mode of delivery on neonatal mortality in the second twin, at and before termBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 12 2008A Herbst Design, To study the association between mode of delivery and neonatal mortality in second twins. To study the association between caesarean delivery and mortality with minimum bias of the indication for the operation, we wanted to compare the outcome of second twins delivered by caesarean due to breech presentation of the sibling with vaginally delivered second twins in uncomplicated pregnancies. Setting, Sweden, 1980,2004 Population, Twins born during 1980,2004 were identified from the Swedish Medical Birth Registry. Twin pairs delivered by caesarean due to breech presentation of the first twin, and vaginally delivered twins with the first twin in cephalic presentation were included. Pregnancies with antepartum complications were excluded. Methods, Odds ratios and 95% CI were calculated using multiple logistic regression analyses, adjusting for year of birth, maternal age, parity and gestational age. Main outcome measures, Neonatal mortality. Results, Compared with second-born twins delivered vaginally, second-born twins delivered by caesarean (for breech presentation of the sibling) had a lower risk of neonatal death (adjusted OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.19,0.83). The decreased risk after caesarean delivery was significant for births before 34 weeks (2.1 versus 9.0%; adjusted OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.17,0.95). After 34 weeks, neonatal mortality was low in both groups (0.1 and 0.2%, respectively), and the difference was not statistically significant (adjusted OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.10,1.79). Conclusions, Neonatal mortality is lower for the second twin after caesarean delivery at birth before 34 weeks. At term, mortality is low irrespective of delivery mode. [source] Prevalence and risk factors of severe obstetric haemorrhageBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 10 2008I Al-Zirqi Objective, To determine the prevalence, causes, risk factors and acute maternal complications of severe obstetric haemorrhage. Design, Population-based registry study. Population, All women giving birth (307 415) from 1 January 1999 to 30 April 2004 registered in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Information about socio-economic risk factors was obtained from Statistics Norway. Methods, Cross-tabulation was used to study prevalence, causes and acute maternal complications of severe obstetric haemorrhage. Associations of severe obstetric haemorrhage with demographic, medical and obstetric risk factors were estimated using multiple logistic regression models. Main outcome measure, Severe obstetric haemorrhage (blood loss of > 1500 ml or blood transfusion). Results, Severe obstetric haemorrhage was identified in 3501 women (1.1%). Uterine atony, retained placenta and trauma were identified causes in 30, 18 and 13.9% of women, respectively. The demographic factors of a maternal age of ,30 years and South-East Asian ethnicity were significantly associated with an increased risk of haemorrhage. The risk was lower in women of Middle Eastern ethnicity, more than three and two times higher for emergency caesarean delivery and elective caesarean than for vaginal birth, respectively, and substantially higher for multiple pregnancies, von Willebrand's disease and anaemia (haemoglobin <9 g/dl) during pregnancy. Admissions to an intensive care unit, postpartum sepsis, hysterectomy, acute renal failure and maternal deaths were significantly more common among women with severe haemorrhage. Conclusion, The high prevalence of severe obstetric haemorrhage indicates the need to review labour management procedures. Demographic and medical risk factors can be managed with extra vigilance. [source] Epstein,Barr virus infection during pregnancy and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomeBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 12 2005Anne Eskild Objectives To study the association between Epstein,Barr virus (EBV) antibody status in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes including fetal death, length of gestation and fetal weight and length at birth. Design Nested control study. Setting Population based health registers. Population The source population comprised 35,940 pregnant women. Cases were all (280) women with fetal death and a random sample of 940 women with a live born child. Method Information on pregnancy outcome was obtained from the Norwegian Medical Birth Registry. Serum samples from the first trimester were tested for EBV antibodies. In women seronegative for EBV, further serum from late pregnancy was analysed to detect seroconversion. Main outcome measures Vital status, length of gestation, weight and length at birth. Results There was no association between EBV antibody status and fetal death. Women with significant EBV reactivation had a significantly shorter duration of pregnancy, and associated lighter babies, compared with women without significant reactivation (stillborn: 176 vs 197 days, P= 0.16, and live born: 271 vs 279 days, P= 0.03, respectively). Conclusion Significant reactivation of EBV infection during pregnancy may influence pregnancy duration. [source] | ||||||||||