Limited Literature (limited + literature)

Distribution by Scientific Domains


Selected Abstracts


Steady-State Analysis of Water Distribution Networks Including Pressure-Reducing Valves

COMPUTER-AIDED CIVIL AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING, Issue 4 2001
L. Khezzar
Hydraulic networks that contain controlling elements such as pressure-reducing valves (PRVs) are difficult to simulate. Limited literature exists on the explicit modeling of PRVs in a general solution procedure for steady-state analysis of water distribution systems. It is also known that inclusion of PRVs may lead to numerical difficulties. The objective of this article is to develop and present in sufficient detail the modeling of PRVs in combination with the linear theory method for steady-state analysis of water distribution networks. The presentation is explicit enough and leads to a robust algorithm that can be directly implemented in a computer program. The general methodology for simulating water distribution networks that embodies graph theoretic concepts, hydraulic theory, and numerical algorithms is reviewed. [source]


Pigmentary Changes After Alexandrite Laser Hair Removal

DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 4 2003
Noah Kawika Weisberg MD
Background Postinflammatory pigmentary changes are a frequently encountered problem with numerous dermatologic procedures. Limited literature is available that documents this complication with laser hair removal. Objective It is important for all physicians performing laser hair removal to be aware of this potential complication. We present our experience with postinflammatory pigmentary change and discuss some potential etiologic factors. Methods Seven patients who experienced postinflammatory complications after alexandrite laser hair removal are presented. These are all the patients who developed this complication in our office over the past 2.5 years. Results The patients who we describe in this article all developed a similar pattern of initial hyperpigmented rings, later developing into a thin wafer-like crust followed by hypopigmentation with gradual return to their normal skin color. Conclusion In general, the alexandrite laser is both safe and effective for hair removal in patients of varying skin types. Complication rates will increase as skin pigment increases and as the power used increases. However, even in light-skinned individuals without recent pretreatment or posttreatment sun exposure, with proper treatment parameters, complications, and side effects can arise. We have found this to be especially true when treating areas other than the face. [source]


THE DEMAND FOR CASINO GAMING WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO A SMOKING BAN

ECONOMIC INQUIRY, Issue 2 2008
RICHARD THALHEIMER
This study adds to the limited literature on the demand for casino gaming. The major focus is on the effect of a statewide smoking ban. A system of slot machine demand equations, one each for the three Delaware racinos (racetrack casinos), was developed. The number of slot machines at a racino, at competing in-state racinos, and income were significant demand determinants. Competing out-of-state gaming venues had insignificant effects on gaming demand over the study period. The smoking ban had a significant negative impact on demand, which was not significantly different across the three racinos. The smoking ban reduced gaming demand 15.9%. (JEL L83) [source]


EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN ENGLISH NHS HOSPITAL TRUSTS

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY & MANAGEMENT, Issue 4 2007
Joan Ballantine
In this paper we review the financial reporting incentives associated with the requirement to breakeven for English NHS Trusts. We also investigate the distribution of reported income and estimate discretionary accruals thereby contributing to the limited literature on earnings management in not-for-profit hospitals. We find that Trust managers use discretion over accruals to report income within the target range around zero. The results are robust to recent challenges to earnings management explanations arising from the use of distributional and aggregate accruals methodologies. Our findings indicate that a precise and challenging financial breakeven target based on current cost residual income is associated with wide-spread use of discretionary accruals to an extent that weakens the accountability of NHS Trusts. [source]


Resolution of Menstrually Related Migraine Following Aggressive Treatment for Breast Cancer

HEADACHE, Issue 3 2010
Todd A. Smitherman PhD
(Headache 2010;50:485-496) Hormonal influences associated with the female menstrual cycle play strong roles in both migraine and particular types of breast cancer, but there is limited literature on the effects of breast cancer treatment regimens in women with migraine. The present case describes resolution of menstrually related migraine following aggressive treatment for infiltrating ductal carcinoma (neoadjuvant chemotherapy, single radical mastectomy, and locoregional radiation therapy) that was maintained with supplemental treatment using tamoxifen, an anti-estrogenic agent. This novel case is presented to stimulate further research into the hormonal mechanisms underlying migraine. [source]


Characteristic appearances of the bone marrow in T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukaemia

HISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 5 2007
N Osuji
Aims:, To augment the limited literature on bone marrow (BM) appearances in T-cell large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukaemia and to identify a histological signature to aid in diagnosis of this condition. Methods and results:, A descriptive analysis of the histology of the BM in T-cell LGL leukaemia was performed (n = 38). Antibodies against CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD16, CD56, CD57 and CD20 or CD79a were employed. Antibodies against CD68 (macrophages) and CD34 (sinusoids) were also included. BM was normocellular or hypercellular in the majority of cases, with interstitial lymphoid infiltration in 97%. Lymphoid nodules were present in 55% and intrasinusoidal permeation in 58%. Apoptotic figures and haemosiderin deposition were common. All cases showed trilinear haematopoiesis with normal or increased megakaryopoiesis and erythropoiesis, but normal/reduced myelopoiesis. Reticulin was increased (Grade II,III). Immunohistochemistry revealed interstitial infiltration in all cases and helped to identify lymphoid nodules in two-thirds of cases. Preferential localization of CD8+ T lymphocytes to the interstitium and CD4+ T lymphocytes to the periphery of CD20+ B-cell nodules was seen in almost 90% of cases. Conclusions:, Nodules with non-clonal B-cell centres surrounded by CD4+ cells, with interstitial CD8+ cells, are a characteristic finding in T-cell LGL leukaemia and may represent a histological signature for this condition. [source]


Males assessed by a specialized adult eating disorders service: Patterns over time and comparisons with females

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS, Issue 8 2008
Eric Button PhD
Abstract Objective: In view of previous inconsistencies and the limited literature on males with eating disorders, we aimed to examine changes in presentation rates over time and any differences between males and females. Method: In a cohort of 2,554 new patients assessed by a specialized service for adults over a 21-year period, we examined rates by gender over time. We also carried out a detailed comparison of selected clinical and demographic variables on a series of 65 males and females matched by diagnosis and date of assessment. Results: Approximately 5% of patients were male and there was no evidence of a change in presentation rate by gender over time. Males were more likely to be diagnosed as not having a clinical eating disorder and less likely to abuse laxatives, but otherwise there was little difference in clinical presentation. Conclusion: Eating disorders continue to present predominantly in females and the proportion of males remains broadly stable. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008 [source]


Paroxysmal Hypertension: The Role of Stress and Psychological Factors

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION, Issue 7 2008
DPhil, Thomas G. Pickering MD
This paper reviews the limited literature on paroxysmal hypertension. A case report describes the clinical picture frequently seen in specialty hypertension practice, a patient with paroxysmal or intermittent hypertension who proves not to have a pheochromocytoma. The variety of diagnostic labels given to these patients is reviewed, including pseudopheochromocytoma, panic attacks, and hyperventilation syndrome. The clinical features, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of these syndromes are outlined. It is proposed that successful management of these patients may be best achieved by collaborative care between a hypertension specialist and a psychiatrist or clinical psychologist with expertise in cognitive-behavioral panic management, stress-reduction techniques including controlled breathing, and treating health anxiety. The use of drugs effective for treatment of panic disorder can also be helpful in managing these patients. [source]


Client-centred therapy and family therapy: a review and commentary

JOURNAL OF FAMILY THERAPY, Issue 4 2001
David Bott
This article sets out to redress the relative neglect of the client-centred tradition within family therapy. A review of the limited literature emanating from both client-centred therapy and family therapy is provided, supported by a commentary. An argument is made for the relevance of client-centred principles in responding to contemporary concerns about disrespectful practice. [source]


Where is the literature in evaluation on managing studies, evaluators, and evaluation units?

NEW DIRECTIONS FOR EVALUATION, Issue 121 2009
Donald W. Compton
On the basis of a multistage exploration of evaluation texts, electronic searches, and nominations from the field and from managing social science, the author concludes there is little research literature on managing evaluation studies, evaluators and other workers, and evaluation units. The discussion explores what this limited literature tells us about managing evaluation. Although these findings are consistent with an earlier literature review (St. Pierre, 1983), here the reasons for the paucity are explored. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]


Assessment of violence potential among school children: Beyond profiling

PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS, Issue 3 2001
Matthew K. Burns
The increasing level of public attention to violence in American schools makes the issue a top priority among educators. School psychologists could play an important role in identifying at-risk youth, and planning appropriate individual, school, and community interventions related to school violence. However, there is limited literature examining different assessment approaches that could be used to evaluate student risk for violence. This article reviews (a) characteristics of students "at risk" for violence, (b) informal checklists and matching student characteristics to profiles of typical violent students and (c) threat assessment based on Borum et al.'s (1999) model. Ethical and legal considerations are covered as well. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons. Inc. [source]


THE EFFECT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY ON TOBACCO ADVERTISING STRATEGIES

BULLETIN OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH, Issue 3 2010
Caroline Elliott
C32; I18; L66; M37 ABSTRACT This paper contributes to the very limited literature examining the factors determining tobacco companies' advertising strategies. The paper explores whether firms in the UK tobacco market significantly changed their advertising expenditure in the face of proposed changes to the UK and European Commission tobacco advertising legislation. The results suggest that changes in legislation have little impact on firms' advertising strategies for existing brands, but that legislative changes impact upon product launch dates. Our results also offer some information on the nature of firm interdependencies in the UK tobacco industry. [source]